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  Explanation of reactions/possible reactions

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Author Topic:   Explanation of reactions/possible reactions
Buster
Member
posted 07-05-2009 07:07 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Buster   Click Here to Email Buster     Edit/Delete Message
I have noticed in some recent tests --that I have gotten reactions without confessions-- that I am getting similar excuses for reactions or possible reactions in the middle of the test.

They are saying that they keep thinking about and getting nervous about the relevant questions when I am asking it.

Specifically, a couple of weeks ago I ran a missing persons test on a step-father where we think the victim was abducted and most likely dead. The test was a no call, but I still noticed a reaction to a relevant question.

During the data collection, the examinee kept telling me during the charts that he keeps picturing about the mother crying about the kid being missing and it makes him feel (I dont remember the exact wording--nervous, upset, like he is reacting etc).

This is not new for me, as in the middle of tests, I have heard people tell me that they keep getting nervous every time I ask a relevant. I do beleive that I am setting up my controls correctly and I have had great success in the past with my controls.

Any thoughts on how to combat this---is it a sign of deception. I know its tough to answer this without seeing the whole test and charts.

The charts were pretty messy and the examinees hands were so sweaty I could not keep the electrodes on his hands--I almost duct taped them on, but thats another topic for another day.

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ebvan
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posted 07-05-2009 12:34 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for ebvan   Click Here to Email ebvan     Edit/Delete Message
Are you referring to a significant reaction to a question on a single chart or are you referring to significant consistent reactions to the same question every time you ask it? Force yourself to adhere to good testing and scoring practices and BYFC.

Nothing in a polygraph examination indicates deception except for a careful evaluation of the charts and a deceptive score.

Most examiners I know, go through occasional periods where their confidence factor backslides and they begin to question their abilities in one way or another. The best cure that I have ever found for this is attendance at a polygraph seminar or training session. This seems to rejuvenate and reestablish the skills we depend upon to do our work. This is especially important if you are the only examiner in your agency.

Caring how an examination comes out, before you conduct it, seems to breed inconclusives. If you can't make a convincing argument for both innocence and guilt fro the information available before the exam, you may be biased.

Also, while computerized scoring is far from perfect, if you have OSS 3 you can use it to guage whether or not you are drifting away from good scoring practices.

Lastly, I have always felt the biggest stumbling block to admissions and confessions DURING INTERROGATIONS occurs when the suspect detects that the interrogator has doubt. Once you have made up your mind, based on your examination and the evidence, that you have the right guy you cannot project any doubt at all. If you do, they pick up on it and will use it to bolster their resolve.

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Buster
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posted 07-05-2009 02:33 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Buster   Click Here to Email Buster     Edit/Delete Message
I am referring to that excuse for a reaction. It seems weird that I heard that a couple of times. The last test was a no call due to examinee movement.

I agree that after I leave a seminar, I feel refreshed with 24 hours of polygraph arguments and chart anylsis, among peers, on the brain.

However, for the purpose of this post--I am curious to those comments.

[This message has been edited by Buster (edited 07-05-2009).]

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ebvan
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posted 07-05-2009 04:06 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for ebvan   Click Here to Email ebvan     Edit/Delete Message
I think it is equally likely that these comments are generated by an innocent person, nervous regarding the test as they are a guilty person trying to excuse their reactions. The only way to tell the difference is with scorable charts.

You stated that your last test was inconclusive due to movement. I find it difficult to believe that most people are unable to remain still for data collection, absent some medical reason. Was your acquaintance test artifacted by excessive movement? If not, you probably have someone just trying to trash your charts with purposeful non-cooperation.

Just shooting from the hip here, but If someone wants to discuss a particular relevant question between charts in the manner you described you might counter with a similar discussion about a comparison issue.
For example
Subject: Boy that question about having sexual intercourse with my neighbors beagle is sure bothering me.
Examiner. Really, How about the question about excessive masturbation?

This re-emphasizes the importance of the comparison questions. I think if you just let their question concerning an RQ hang there without a response of some kind, it might cause problems.

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Ex scientia veritas

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Buster
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posted 07-05-2009 04:31 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Buster   Click Here to Email Buster     Edit/Delete Message
_______________________________________
Subject: Boy that question about having sexual intercourse with my neighbors beagle is sure bothering me.
Examiner. Really, How about the question about excessive masturbation?

This re-emphasizes the importance of the comparison questions. I think if you just let their question concerning an RQ hang there without a response of some kind, it might cause problems.
________________________________________

As obvious as this may sound to you--I did not do this and yes I did worry about comparisons after hearing this.

I talked over the test with Sackett already and yes it is problematic that he was moving this much.(alot)I tried to explain this to the Detective, but he is convinced that an outside issue (his involvement in drugs) caused all of this. I can't prove he is wrong, but I do explain thoroughly that there will be NO SURPRISES on the test.

Here is the case:
http://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/news/press/cape_may/article_7d6fab1d-87fb-5874-8a3e-fffbdc923698.html

Maybe I'll have Nelson put those horrible charts up. I really worked hard to keep those electrodes on, but I could not due to excessive sweat. I ran one chart without them.

A couple of years ago I ran them on the back of someones hands due to sweat--I was not happy with the results of that.

[This message has been edited by Buster (edited 07-05-2009).]

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skipwebb
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posted 07-05-2009 08:47 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for skipwebb   Click Here to Email skipwebb     Edit/Delete Message
Don't mean to be preaching to the choir but you did ask. When you do your pre-test, do you explain that the polygraph test is not designed to measure or record nervousness or anxiety. That is specifically designed to record specific autonomic nervous system changes that occur as a result of lying. Give an explanation. I use an analogy of a lake. Something like "Imagine that you drive by a lake every day on your way to work. Some days, the surface of the lake is completely flat and mirror like. Other days, it a bit wavy and other days, it might even be choppy. The lake has not changed, only the surface. If you could look below the water, you would see that it is the same on all three days. The fish are the same, the bottom is the same. Even the plants are unaffected by the change in the surface. Now imagine that you throw a big rock or cinder block into the lake. The water is disturbed all the way to the bottom. A major change occurs until the rock settles on the bottom and then the lake recovers and returns to just like it was. In a matter of seconds, there was a major change that occurred immediately and lasted for a few seconds and then the lake recovers. That's what happens when a person tells a lie. There is a major disturbance that occurs immediately and then goes away in a matter of a few seconds. It doesn't matter if they are not nervous, a little nervous (wavy) or even very nervous (choppy). It's the lie that causes the reaction, just like it's the rock that disturbs the lake. If you don't tell a lie, your nervous system will simply not create a reaction. If you tell a lie it's like throwing the rock into the lake.

I know...sounds hokey as hell, but I've found that people understand the parallels and it tends to reduce anxiety.

You might also tell the examinee that when he hears the question, he already knows what his truthful answer is and if he uses that answer, the nervous system is simply not affected. If he has made a decision to lie on the question, his reaction will be instantaneous. He shouldn't even have to think about a question that he knows he's answering truthfully.

I've found that these explanations help the NDI person and really kick the rear end of the DI person, but it needs to be done during the pre-test and during the explanation of the physiology and F3. If you're not fully explaining physiology then you may well be causing the examinee to become overly excited at the relevant questions. I've found that failing to explain the physiology properly is the biggest failure in experienced examiners who begin having problems. They get bored with the explanation and begin to shorten it to the point of losing it altogether.

I agree, however that if you are doing a FULL, PROPER pre-test and you get consistent reactions to the relevant questions then BYFC!

[This message has been edited by skipwebb (edited 07-05-2009).]

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ebvan
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posted 07-06-2009 08:29 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for ebvan   Click Here to Email ebvan     Edit/Delete Message
It sounds like to were using the gel pads for your EDA channel. Did you try using the metal plates with velcro on his fingers?

I find it difficult to believe that drug involvement is going to interfere much in a test about a missing person as long as your comparison questions don't touch drug issues.

Even if you believe that outside issues wreck properly conducted tests, I don't see them increasing reactions to relevant questions. When and where did your detective graduate from Polygraph School? It sounds to me like the invesigator's opinion is set in stone.

You have a no call test, it happens. Rerun the guy. Do your best pretest again. Use the velcro plates on his fingers (staple them in place if necessary...just kidding). Use a format that has an outside issue question if you think it will help, but tell this guy that only 5 year olds, people with parkinsons, and guilty people can't sit still for five minutes at a stretch. Then ask him, Do you have Parkinson's? Are you older than five? Do you plan to sit still while we do this exam?

It sounds to me like this guy is intentionally jerking you around.

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Ex scientia veritas

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Bill2E
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posted 07-06-2009 08:48 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for Bill2E     Edit/Delete Message
I like Skipp's explanation of the lake. I do agree that we become complacent and do not do a proper pre test which includes the explanation of physiology properly. I would retest and trust the charts. If possible have Nelson post the charts and lets all take a look.

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Buster
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posted 07-06-2009 05:29 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Buster   Click Here to Email Buster     Edit/Delete Message
I did a pre-test just as I was trained, but I like Skipp's points and I will probably try and memorize and use them.

I am not even sure if we have the finger plates.

I know how to post charts and I will get to it. Tks for your help guys.

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Barry C
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posted 07-06-2009 07:47 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Barry C   Click Here to Email Barry C     Edit/Delete Message
I don't know why I didn't think of this earlier today, but I had a similar situation that I shared with some examiners up here recently. I've noticed that child sex cases seem harder than others (for examinees) because we're usually using an RQ that isn't as direct as "Did you steal that money... rob that bank... etc?"

I had a guy I was testing regarding whether he ever touched his niece's (cousin's, sister's or something like that - and who knows, she could have fit a couple of those choices) genitals or something along those lines. After chart two (I think), I asked, as I often do, if any questions were bothering him any more than others. He said the RQ were - because he knew all the others weren't as important!

I have no idea how I failed to communicate the importance of all the questions - I did all as usual, and I'm long-winded - and I began a monologue in which I told him if he lied to anything he was toast; however, it wasn't enough to save us from the dreaded INC (even after five charts).

I brought him back in and ran a DLCQT (for reasons I'm too lazy to type). He passed with flying colors. I'm sure it had to do with habituating to the process somewhat as opposed to the change in technique.

I've said this before, but murder cases are easier than child-sex cases. The truthful focus on the CQs with ease there (murders), but with sex cases, I think the stigma, anger, fear, disgust, etc, is so strong that the questions are very salient, which reminds us of the need to do as Skip and others have suggested.

We presume that a person gets stuck on the "I don't want to look like the type of person who would do this" questions (the CQs), when I think some say, "I guess I do fit the profile, but I don't care, I just want to show I didn't do the relevant issue." In other words, and this is just speculation on my part, I think we have to try harder and repeat ourselves to make our points clear (and I like the stories - I think they work well with many people).

How many people tell the examinee that if he lies to any question, he'll fail the whole test? I think that's one way to really keep the level of concern up on the CQs (but somehow it went over my examinee's head).

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skipwebb
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posted 07-06-2009 08:18 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for skipwebb   Click Here to Email skipwebb     Edit/Delete Message
Ebvan, Just curious about your comments about using metal plates versus the stick on electrodes. I haven't used the plates in over 5 years and I haven't noticed any problems when I use the stick on electrodes. What did you mean by that?????

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ebvan
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posted 07-07-2009 12:51 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for ebvan   Click Here to Email ebvan     Edit/Delete Message
Skip, Buster was unable to get the gel pads to stick for any length of time due to the examinee's excessive perspiration.

I've had almost the same thing happen to me only it was very oily skin. I keep a set of plates in my case for just such an occasion. I find a quick switch to plates keeps from wasting gel pads and they will even work on someone so slimy that glue can't stick.

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Ex scientia veritas

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Buster
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posted 07-07-2009 07:42 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Buster   Click Here to Email Buster     Edit/Delete Message
Barry, I have been hearing aot of racket on this board about the DL test. It is starting to look more attractive.

Ebvan--I had to go through 16 pads.

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ebvan
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posted 07-07-2009 08:39 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for ebvan   Click Here to Email ebvan     Edit/Delete Message
16 pads??? Golly Gee Willakers !!!
Buy a set of plates. Until you get them use Gel pads on the fingers held in place with Duct Tape or something.

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Ex scientia veritas

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skipwebb
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posted 07-08-2009 08:16 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for skipwebb   Click Here to Email skipwebb     Edit/Delete Message
If you can get your hands on some 3M Red Dot 2660-5 "Repositionable Electrodes" you won't ever have another problem with them sticking to anyone under any circumstances. These things really stick! In fact, I let the examinee pull them off at the end of the test because I don't want to pull their skin! I have never had one come off on its own.

Not only that but they come 5 to a package and you can actually move them once applied if you are unhappy with the tracing (or lack thereof)

They are made in Canada by 3M Health Care Products & Services Division, Post Office Box 5757, Londo, Ontario N6A 4T1

I had my supply folks order a case and I will have some left to stick to my casket when I go.

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blalock
Member
posted 07-08-2009 09:05 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for blalock   Click Here to Email blalock     Edit/Delete Message
Buster,

I am certain your polygraph manufacturer would like the feedback, and especially the information provided to you by Skip. Let them know of your issues with the pads. Examiners in the field will benefit from the manufacturer making this (and other) improvement(s).

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Ben

blalockben@hotmail.com

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ebvan
Member
posted 07-08-2009 01:05 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for ebvan   Click Here to Email ebvan     Edit/Delete Message
I'd love to give them a try, but I don't see myself buying 1000 of them at one shot.

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Ex scientia veritas

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Buster
Member
posted 07-11-2009 05:40 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Buster   Click Here to Email Buster     Edit/Delete Message
Acutally Skip, I did use 3M Red Dot 2248-50. They were recommended by another examiner. I don't like them and am going back to the Lafayette Pads.

I guess everyone's experience is different. I don't run many tests (only major crimes- criminal specific)and the pads in my bag are starting to stick together too.

I got mine from Medex Supply and don't think I had to buy 1,000--but I do not remember.

[This message has been edited by Buster (edited 07-11-2009).]

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skipwebb
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posted 07-14-2009 07:52 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for skipwebb   Click Here to Email skipwebb     Edit/Delete Message
Ben, The Red Dot 2660 and 2670 are repositional electrodes with much more adhesive power than the others. The one you mention, the 3M Red Dot 2248, does not. The Red Dot line by 3M is huge and each type is different and made for a different use.

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Buster
Member
posted 07-14-2009 07:17 PM     Click Here to See the Profile for Buster   Click Here to Email Buster     Edit/Delete Message
Noted, Skipp. As always thanx.

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J.B. McCloughan
Administrator
posted 07-20-2009 10:34 AM     Click Here to See the Profile for J.B. McCloughan   Click Here to Email J.B. McCloughan     Edit/Delete Message
Late on getting into this but thought I would put this out anyway, as I didn't see it covered.

If the subject is sweating so much so that you cannot get the tabs to stick, you can have them wash their hands well with soap and warm water. After their hands are dry, next apply isopropyl alcohol. Let the alcohol dry. This usually solves the problem for me and sometimes just the alcohol is needed, but sometimes I have to use tape.

I use www.vermed.com ref# A10005-60 PerformancePlus ECG Diagnostic Electrodes, which are 1 1/2" circular tabs with 10% chloride wet gel.

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